The fruits are paired samaras. Uses: Veneer, lumber, furniture, cabinets, flooring, pulp General Natural Range: Minnesota south to Arkansas. The black maple is a large, deciduous tree 60 to 80 ft in height with a dense, rounded crown and a straight trunk up to 4 ft in diameter. The leaf edge will not have any serrated teeth. The leaf edge will not have any serrated teeth. Two years after the introduction of the Newton Cemetery tree, Mr. Temple introduced another upright maple which he called Monumentale. If these species occur in a sugarbush it is important to be able to identify them. North through all of New … Sugar maple trees have dark green leaves that turn red, orange, or yellow in the fall. Sugar Maple (Acer saccharum) is a deciduous tree known for brilliant fall colors and sap that is the primary source for maple syrup.For over 300 years, the Sugar Maple has played an important part in the diet of many Americans. Like all maples, the leaves, buds and twigs of all four are attached in pairs opposite each other along the branches. The term "buddy sap" is often applied to late season sap which produces syrup with a very disagreeable flavor and odor. Genetic research on sugar maple suggests that the sap sugar content of planted seedlings can be increased by controlled breeding. Acer saccharum identification sugar maple tree branches Woody plants Jerry Jenkins, White Creek, N.Y. Second, like red maple, it begins growth in the spring, earlier than sugar and black maple, resulting in a shorter collecting season. Horseshoe-shaped double-winged fruit with parallel or slightly divergent wings. Sugar and black maples are found on a variety of soils and site conditions, but neither tolerates excessively wet or dry sites, and both grow best on moist, deep, well-drained soils. Other Common Names/Trade Names: Hard maple Scientific Name: Acer saccharum Best Characteristics for Identification: Rays wider than pores. One either taps red maple or they don't sugar. Silvery gray on young trees breaking into long thin scaly plates that give the trunks of older trees a very shaggy appearance. There is a moderately deep U-shaped notch between the lobes. To do this, begin by counting lobes of leaves. It normally grows 80 to 110 feet in height, but 150-foot specimens have been known. The way to tell Red Maple and Sugar Maple apart is by the bark. Maple sugar, red maple have typically 5 lobes and Japanese maple between 5 to 7 lobes. Identification Of Common North American Woods. Also known as rock maple, sugar maple (Acer saccharum) is a deciduous tree well known for its ability to produce sap from which maple syrup is derived. at the location and the soil should be sandy to loamy. Slender, shiny, usually reddish in color; terminal buds. It is not unusual to find many trees in a sugar bush well in excess of 3 percent, and occasionally higher. Sugar and black maple both grow in the shade of other trees (they are shade tolerant), and trees of many different ages (sizes) are often found in a forest. Trees planted by colonial settlers survive to this day, often with large, gnarly trunks and deeply fissured bark. Like sugar and black maple, red maple is shade tolerant and is found in both even-aged and uneven-aged forests. Secondly, red maple begins growth in the spring before sugar and black maples, resulting in a shorter collecting season. This week’s tree is easy to identify by its twig. Naturalists lead maple-sugaring tours showing how to identify sugar maples, tap trees, and collect sap at this Mass Audubon property. Like the white ash, the sugar maple is one of the few trees with opposite leaf buds. Sugar and black maple are very similar species and unquestionably the most preferred species for producing maple products, primarily because of their high sugar content. Acer saccharum, the sugar maple, is a species of flowering plant in the soapberry and lychee family Sapindaceae.It is native to the hardwood forests of eastern Canada, from Nova Scotia west through southern Quebec, central and southern Ontario to southeastern Manitoba around Lake of the Woods, and northcentral and … Bigleaf or Acer macrophyllum. The sap of Norway maple is not commonly used to produce maple syrup. The leaves of sugar maple trees are up to 8” (20 cm) long and wide. Sugar maple or Acer saccharum. The Sugar Maple is botanically called Acer saccharum . Other Common Names/Trade Names: Hard maple Maple Tree Identification. Sugar maple trees can grow to be 100 feet tall. Silver and sugar maple are easy to tell apart by leaf, buds, and growth habit. Because sugar and black maple resume growth later than red or silver maple, sap may be collected later in the spring. Sugar and black maple are particularly attractive as sugar trees because of their high sap sugar content and the late date at which they begin growth in the spring. Both species can be found growing in pure stands, with each other, or with a wide variety of other hardwood species including American beech, American basswood, yellow birch, black cherry, northern red oak, yellow poplar and black walnut. Mature leaves have a whitish appearingunderside. The sugar maple (Acer saccharum) is a common tree in northeastern North America, prized for its wood, its brilliant fall foliage and its sap for maple syrup in the spring. From the perspective of producing maple syrup, red maple's most attractive characteristic is its ability to thrive on a wide variety of site conditions. However, for sugaring, red maple does have three important weaknesses. There are thirteen native maple species in North America (Table 3-1). 2-6 inches wide; 3lobed (occasionally weakly 5-lobed); sharply V-shaped sinuses; small sharp teeth along. Sugar maple leaves will have a dark green color on the outside, and a lighter green on the underside. It is recognized by the opposite paired arrangements of its leaves and branches, its 7lobed leaf without marginal teeth, and its 11/2 to 2 inch long samara with divergent wings (Figure 3.12). This is a blog about tree branches: what they look like, how they develop, how they differ between species, and how you can use them to identify trees in winter. On young trees light gray to brown and somewhat smooth; on older trees gray to almost black with irregular plates or scales. The leaves are bright green and the underside is light green. Northeast United States & Southern Canada, Northeast United States & Southeast Canada, Southeast United States Coastal Plain & Piedmont. Silver maple is a rapidly growing maple found throughout much of the eastern United States and extreme southeastern Canada, where it is often tapped (sometimes heavily) in a particular location (Figure 3.9). Silver Maple vs Sugar Maple. Once you have established you tree is part of the Acer family, you need … Both species are relatively long lived, capable of living well beyond 200 years, with trunk diameters greater than 30 inches and heights greater than 100 feet. Uses: Veneer, lumber, furniture, cabinets, flooring, pulp Both species have been planted extensively as roadside trees which are often tapped as part of a sugaring operation. The star of eastern North American fall foliage viewing and principle source of maple syrup. Similar to sugar maple with, perhaps, a slightly larger seed. Flower: Light yellow-green, small, clustered, hanging from a long, slender (1 to 3 inch) stem, appearing with or slightly before … Facts About Sugar Maple Trees. Other Common Names/Trade Names: Hard maple Scientific Name: Acer saccharum Best Characteristics for Identification: Rays wider than pores. Red maple is commonly tapped in certain geographic areas, particularly in the southern and western portions of the commercial maple range. Wide, irregular strips: The sugar maple has dark grayish-brown bark with wide, vertical strips that curl outward at the edges. Red Maple ( Acer rubrum) Buds conspicuous, plump, rounded, and red; side buds as large as terminal buds, and angled outward. Other Species Easily Confused With: Red maple, bigleaf maple, birches Compared to sugar and black maple, red maple is a relatively short-lived tree, rarely living longer than 150 years. Learn how to identify sugar maple trees to make maple syrup. Throughout much of the commercial maple region, however, most maple producers will not tap silver maple. On good sites with little competition from other trees, silver maple diameter growth may approach 1/2 inch per year (rates as high as 1 inch per year have been recorded). Black maple, on the other hand, occupies a much smaller natural range (Figure 3.7). Four states have picked this tree as their state tree – New York, West Virginia, Wisconsin and Vermont – and it is also the national tree of Canada. Identifying a tree as a red maple (Table 3.2, Figure 3.4) is done from the leaves by observing the 3 lobes (occasionally 5), the paired opposite arrangement of the leaves and the small teeth along the margin; from the bark of older trees by the presence of the scaly plates; from the twig by observing the paired opposite arrangement of the buds, the relatively short, blunt, rounded, red terminal bud and the lack of an offensive odor when the bark of the twig is bruised or scraped; and from the fruit by observing its severe V-shape and size. Species. First, the sap sugar content of red maple will be less, on the average, than that of nearby comparable sugar or black maples, perhaps by 1/2 percent or more. East to the Appalachian Mountains. One exotic maple, Norway maple (Acer platanoides), is commonly planted as an ornamental and street tree and will attain tapable size. The Tree is a deciduous tree, it will be up to 40 m (131 ft) high. East to the Appalachian Mountains. Red maple's bark is normally dark brown, whereas box elder and Norway maple bark is more grayish. The silhouette of the sugar maple leaf is the … Each of the largest three lobes has one to several sharp-pointed tips. Identical or Nearly Identical Species: Black maple Also the Red Maple has a bitter sap as compared to the Sugar Maple. sugar maple Aceraceae Acer saccharum Marshall symbol: ACSA3 Leaf: Opposite, simple and palmately veined, 3 to 6 inches long, 5 delicately rounded lobes, entire margin; green above, paler below. The tree produces a dense, round, compact crown when grown in the open and is used quite extensively as a shade or ornamental tree. The space between the five pointed lobes of sugar maple leaves is U-shaped with a rounded base. Scientific Name:  Acer saccharum It has a dense crown of leaves, which turn various shades of gold to scarlet in fall.Its three- to five-lobed leaves appear after the greenish yellow flowers of spring. The presence of the Sugar Maple leaf on the Canadian flag illustrates the importance of this tree in Canada. While the exact sap sugar content of a tree will vary depending on many factors including genetics, site and weather, sugar and black maples generally average between 2.0 and 2.5 percent sap sugar content. Common North American Maple Species . Pests include borers and cottony maple scale. Black maple is more likely to be found along moist river bottoms. There only slight overlap in habitat: silver maple usually grows closer to water and sugar maple on well-drained sites. The sugar content is 2x that of other maple trees in sugar maples which means less boiling down. That really does not mean much because most of the hard boiling is driving off water the more concentrated the syrup is. Identification of the Sugar Maple: Like other maples, Sugar Maples have opposite, lobed leaves. Suffers from salt, drought, and air pollution. Maple trees are usually grown in gardens as landscaping plants, owing to their beauty and their extensive branching system. Sugar sand or niter is the salt that precipitates during the evaporation process. North through all of New England, southern Quebec and Ontario, and the Canadian Maritimes. Sugar maple leaves are three to five inches wide and have five lobes with a round base. Sugar Maple Tree Identification Sugar maple trees can grow to be 100 feet tall. Mountain maple is essentially a shrub. Restricted to the Pacific Coast, this tree is the … This is a blog about tree branches: what they look like, how they develop, how they differ between species, and how you can use them to identify trees in winter. The commercial production of maple products in North America occurs primarily in the northeastern United States and southeastern Canada (Figure 3.1). Sugar sand can cause several problems during the production process. Probably no other species of forest tree, certainly no hardwood, can thrive on a wider variety of soil types and sites. Narrow, scaly ridges: Norway maple, box elder and red maple share this feature. Identifying a silver maple (Table 3.2, Figure 3.5) is done from the leaves by observing the 5 lobes with the sides of the terminal lobe diverging toward the tip, the paired opposite arrangement of the leaves, the presence of fine teeth along the margin but not on the inner sides of the sinuses and the silvery white underside; from the bark of older trees by the trunk's shaggy appearance; from the twigs by observing the paired opposite arrangement of the buds, the relatively short blunt, rounded, red terminal bud and the presence of a fetid or foul odor when the twig is bruised or scraped; and from the fruit by observing its V-shape and size. This week’s tree is easy to identify by its twig. Hard maple or sugar maple trees produce a high quality timber and yield maple syrup. The 3 most popular type of maple trees are Maple Sugar, Red maple and Japanese Maple. It is commercially important as a source of maple syrup, maple sugar, and hardwood lumber useful in furniture manufacture … Like the red maple, silver maple is a relatively short-lived tree when compared to the sugar or black maple, living perhaps. Introduction: Sugar maple, with its beautiful form and brilliant, multicolored display of fall color, is a popular shade tree in eastern North America.It is known for its quality wood and abundant sugar. Under natural conditions, silver maple is primarily a bottomland and floodplain species, where it may occur in pure stands but is more commonly found associated with other bottom species such as American elm, sweetgum, pin oak, swamp white oak, eastern cottonwood, sycamore, and/or green ash. The sugar maple (Acer saccharum) (hard maple, rock maple) is one of our largest and finest forest trees, growing to a height of 80 feet with a diameter of two or more feet. … The sugar maples are found in almost all places in the United States. Similar to red maple but bruised or scraped bark has a very fetid or foul odor. Based on the results of a study in a New Jersey natural area, there is concern that in forests managed for native vegetation, Norway Maple will reproduce more vigorously than the native Sugar Maple, and therefore, may out compete Sugar Maple … Does not do well in a restricted root zone situation; tolerates shade better than most maples; leaf scorch may develop with drought; moderate pollution … Plantations of sugar maple have also been established with the intent of developing efficient, productive sugar bushes. All have leaves of similar shape: a single leaf blade with the characteristic maple shape, 3-5 lobes radiating out like fingers from the palm of a hand (palmately lobed) with notches (called sinuses) between the lobes. Sugar maple occurs naturally throughout most of the northeastern United States and southeastern Canada (Figure 3.6). Distinguishing between them may be more of an academic exercise than one useful in sugar bush management because (1) they are essentially identical in quality as sugar trees, and (2) they often hybridize producing trees with a range of characteristics, making it difficult to clearly distinguish between them. They should not be confused with the desirable maple species when performing management practices such as thinning or release cuts. First, its sugar content is usually lower than red maple's, perhaps as much as 1/2 percent or more, which means even higher production costs and lower profits. Thinning or release cutting dramatically reduces this age-to-tapable-size. https://www.mortonarb.org/trees-plants/tree-plant-descriptions/ Birches have pores wider than the rays. Other popular varieties of maple trees for gardens are the Amur Maple (Acer ginnala), Big Leaf Maple (Acer macrophyllum), and the Hedge Maple tree (Acer campestre). Sugar and black maple have the highest sap sugar content of any of the native maples. Striped maple is a small slender tree which rarely attains tapable size. You will have to carry 2x as much sap from a regular maple as a sugar maple for the same amount of syrup. There only slight overlap in habitat: silver maple usually grows closer to water and sugar maple on well-drained sites. Sugar Maple ( Acer saccharum) Lobes pointed, but leaf margins smooth (not serrated) between points, with U-shaped regions in larger spaces between lobe tips. Its rapid growth and ability to thrive on a wide variety of sites have resulted in its widespread planting as ornamental and street trees which are often tapped as part of a sugaring operation. Red maple is one of the most abundant and widespread hardwood trees in North America (Figure 3.8). Fruits mature in fall. Identifying Norway Maple and Sugar Maple Trees Many maple trees live in the forests that line the valley and bluff of the Illinois River. The leaves are lobed and the flowers are yellow. East to the Appalachian Mountains. If you are thinking of planting sugar maple trees, you probably already know that sugar maple are among the best-loved trees on the continent. Sugar Maples & Insect Problems. Smooth grayish bark on the trunk and branches gradually furrows with age. Because of the wide variety of sites on which red maple will grow, it is found growing naturally in pure stands and with an enormous variety of other tree species ranging from gray birch and paper birch, to yellow poplar and black cherry, and including sugar and black maple. Black and sugar maples begin growth later in the spring than red or silver maple. While most of these species are probably tapped to some extent, at least by hobbyists, sugar and black maple, along with red maple (Acer rubrum), provide most of the commercial sap. Silver maple is among the fastest growing hardwood species commonly planted in eastern North America, certainly the fastest growing maple. Sugar Maples can be identified based on the following characteristics: 3-5 inches wide; 5lobed (rarely 3-lobed); bright green upper surface and a paler green lower surface; leaf margin without fine teeth (compare with red and silver maple). This is the geographic area of greatest abundance of sugar maple (Acer saccharum) and black maple (Acer nigrum), the two most preferred and most commonly tapped maple species. Mature trees commonly average between 20 and 30 inches in diameter and 60 and 90 feet tall. For this reason, it has been widely planted as an ornamental and street tree. Table 3-2 contains a descriptive comparison and Figures 3.2 through 3.5 illustrate characteristic leaves, bark, twigs, and fruits of sugar, black, red and silver maple. The high sugar content of the Sugar Maple’s sap makes it ideal for tapping. A fourth maple species, silver maple (Acer saccharinum), is sometimes tapped, particularly in roadside operations, and is often confused with red maple. These four species share several characteristics in common. The leaves of the Sugar Maple usually have five squarish, shallow lobes. North through all of New England, southern Quebec and Ontario, and the Canadian Maritimes. Bigleaf maple typically has a pinkish cast to it. Neither of these species is commonly tapped. Means of Distinguishing Similar Species : Wood is typically lighter in color than red maple. Once you have established you tree is part of the Acer family, you need to identify the right specie. This lower sap sugar content translates to higher costs of production and lower profits. Nevertheless, large silver maple street trees are numerous in many areas and these are sometimes tapped as part of a sugaring operation. Winged seed approximately 1" long. Its form and bark make this an attractive tree in the winter as well. Sugar maple Leaf: 3 to 6" opposite, simple leaf with 3 to 5 lobes; excellent fall color - yellow, orange and red tones. Canada; The sugar maple tree may grow to a height of 40 metres (130 feet). sugar maple Aceraceae Acer saccharum Marshall symbol: ACSA3 Leaf: Opposite, simple and palmately veined, 3 to 6 inches long, 5 delicately rounded lobes, entire margin; green above, paler below. Third, like red maple, the evaporation of sap from some silver maples produces an excessive amount of sugar sand. Other things being equal, higher sap sugar content translates to lower costs of production and greater profits. Sugar maple, (Acer saccharum), also called hard maple or rock maple, large tree in the soapberry family (Sapindaceae), native to eastern North America and widely grown as an ornamental and shade tree. Silver and sugar maple are easy to tell apart by leaf, buds, and growth habit. Similar to sugar maple but usually darker and more deeply grooved or furrowed. Flower: Light yellow-green, small, clustered, hanging from a long, slender (1 to 3 inch) stem, appearing with or slightly before the leaves in early spring. Norway Maple is frequent in urban areas where it is planted as a street tree or invasive in vacant lots. It is important to emphasize that good, high-quality maple syrup can be made from red maple sap. In other areas, red maple may be tapped along with sugar and black maples. Distinguishing between sugar and black maple is best done by comparing the leaf structure (particularly the number of lobes, droopiness and presence or absence of stipules along base of petiole) and by the degree of bumpiness of the twigs. This is the geographic area of greatest abundance of sugar maple ( Acer saccharum) and black maple ( Acer nigrum ), … Considerable red is seen in bark pattern as scales develop. Twigs are smooth and reddish-brown with sharp-pointed winter buds. Thinning or release cutting will substantially shorten the age-to-tapable-size. Four states have picked this tree as their state tree – New York, West Virginia, Wisconsin and Vermont – and it is also the national tree of Canada. Healthy sugar and black maple trees growing in overstocked uneven-aged or even-aged stands can be expected to achieve tapable size in 40 to 60 years, depending on overall site quality. Sugar Maple Tree. The two most common maples are the sugar maple (Acer saccharum) and the red maple (Acer rubrum). Similar to sugar maple but twig surface with small warty growths (lenticels, which are not raised much above the bark surface in sugar maple) and often more hairy buds. Silver maple's growth rate often responds dramatically to thinning or release cutting. The tree likes Sun to half-shade,brown leaf margins indicate a lack of water. Photo © Yann Kemper, Public Domain. Young trees up to 4-8 inches with smooth gray bark. Both species are also found in stands composed of trees that are essentially all the same age (size). Best Characteristics for Identification: Rays wider than pores. Older trees developing furrows and ultimately long, irregular, thick vertical plates that appear to peal from the trunk in a vertical direction. 5-7 inches wide; deeply clefted; 5-lobed with the sides of the terminal lobe diverging toward the tip; light green upper surface and a silvery white underside; leaf margin with fine teeth (but not the inner edges of the sinuses). margin. As maples begin their growth, chemical changes occur in the sap which make it unsuitable for syrup production. Its use as an ornamental and street tree, at least in urban areas, has been discontinued in recent years because the wood of silver maple is very brittle and often breaks in severe wind, snow or ice storms. It is most easily identified by the opposite paired arrangement of its leaves and branches and its 3lobed leaf with coarse teeth. When compared to sugar, black and red maple, silver maple is a distinctly fourth choice for sugaring for several reasons. Sugar maple leaves are three to five inches wide and have five lobes with a round base. It is most easily identified by the opposite paired arrangement of its leaves and branches, its 3-lobed leaf with fine teeth on the margin, and striping on the branches and young trunks. Identifying a tree as a sugar or black maple (Table 3.2, Figure 3.2 & 3.3) is easily done from the leaves by observing 5-lobed leaves, the paired opposite attachment of the leaves along the stem and the lack of teeth along the leaf margin; from the bark of older trees by observing the long plates that remain attached on one side; from the twigs by observing the opposite arrangement of buds and the relatively long, pointed, brownish terminal bud; and from the seed by observing its horseshoe shape and size. [1] X Research source Young trees up to 4-8 inches with a smooth light gray bark, developing into gray or black ridges and ultimately narrow scaly plates. Maple Tree Identification. The real difference is that the Red Maple has lighter and smoother bark then the Sugar Maple. Look closely at the color of the leaves. If you are thinking of planting sugar maple trees, you probably already know that sugar maple are among the best-loved trees on the continent. The light-colored wood is used for furniture, flooring, cabinets, charcoal and firewood. Although it develops best on moderately well-drained to well-drained, moist soils, it commonly grows in conditions ranging from dry ridges to swamps. Sugar maple is an emblematic and common tree of the New England landscape, widely planted along roadsides and sugar bushes in order to harvest its maple syrup. Or foul odor usually grows closer to water and sugar maple but usually darker and more deeply or. 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